Which musician played the alto saxophone and was a prominent figure in jazz?

Cannonball Adderley is celebrated as one of the most influential alto saxophonists in the history of jazz. His playing style is characterized by its expressive sound and an engaging, soulful approach, which helped to define the hard bop genre. Adderley rose to prominence during the 1950s and 1960s, collaborating with notable artists such as Miles Davis and contributing to important recordings, including the iconic album "Kind of Blue," where his presence enriched the group's sound.

In understanding the context of the other musicians listed, it's clear that while they were all significant figures in jazz, they played different instruments or had different roles in the genre. Jimmy Cobb was an exceptional drummer, known primarily for his work with Miles Davis. Paul Chambers was a highly regarded bassist, celebrated for his role in the rhythm section and collaboration with various jazz legends. Miles Davis, a trumpeter, was a groundbreaking bandleader and composer, but not an alto saxophonist, which is the specific requirement of the question. Thus, Cannonball Adderley stands out as the correct answer due to his prominent role on the alto saxophone in jazz.